Using Perl Chr() and Ord() Functions

Using Perl Chr() and Ord() Functions The Perl programming languages  chr() and ord() functions are used to convert characters into their ASCII or Unicode values and vice versa. Chr() takes an ASCII or Unicode value and returns the equivalent character, and ord() performs the reverse operation by converting a character to its numeric  value.   Perl Chr() Function The chr() function returns the character represented by the number specified. For example: #!/usr/bin/perl print chr (33) print /n; print chr (36) print /n; print chr (46) print /n; When this code is executed, it produces this result: ! $ Note: The characters from 128 to 255  are by default not encoded as UTF-8 for backward compatibility reasons. Perls Ord() Function The ord() function does the opposite. It takes a character and converts it into its ASCII or Unicode numeric value. #!/usr/bin/perl print ord (A); print /n; print ord  (a); print /n; print ord  (B); print /n; When executed, this returns: 65 97 66 You can confirm the results are accurate  by checking an ASCII Code Lookup Table online. About Perl Perl was created in the mid-80s, so it was a mature programming language long before websites exploded in popularity. Perl  was originally designed for text processing, and it is compatible with HTML and other markup languages, so it quickly became popular with website developers. Perls strength lies in its ability to interact with its environment and its cross-platform compatibility. It can easily open and manipulate many files within the same program.

Brief Overview of The Freedmens Bureau

Brief Overview of The Freedmens Bureau The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, also known as the Freedmen’s Bureau was established in 1865 to assist newly freed African-Americans and displaced whites following the Civil War. The Freedmen’s Bureau provided freed African-Americans and whites with shelter, food, employment assistance, and education. The Freedmen’s Bureau is considered the first federal agency devoted to the social welfare of Americans.   Why was the Freedmen's Bureau Established? In February of 1862, abolitionist and journalist George William Curtis wrote to the Treasury Department suggesting that a federal agency be established to help formerly enslaved people. The following month, Curtis published an editorial advocating for such an agency. As a result, abolitionists such as Francis Shaw began lobbying for such an agency. Both Shaw and Curtis assisted Senator Charles Sumner draft the Freedmen’s Bill- one of the first steps to establishing the Freedmen’s Bureau. Following the Civil War, the South was devastatedfarms, railroads, and roads had all been destroyed, and there were an estimated four million African-Americans who had been freed yet had no food or shelter. Many were also illiterate and wanted to attend school.   Congress established the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands. This agency was also known as the Freedmen’s Bureau in March 1865. Created as a temporary agency, the Freedmen’s Bureau was part of the War Department, which was headed by General Oliver Otis Howard. Providing assistance to both African-Americans and whites who were displaced following the Civil War, the Freedmen’s Bureau offered shelter, basic medical care, job assistance and educational services.   Andrew Johnson's Opposition to the Freedmen's Bureau Just one year after its establishment, Congress passed another Freedmen’s Bureau Act. As a result, the Freedmen’s Bureau was not only going to present for another two years, but the U.S. Army was commanded to protect the civil rights of African-Americans in former Confederate states. However, former President  Andrew Johnson  vetoed the bill. Soon after Johnson sent Generals John Steedman and Joseph Fullerton to tour sites of the Freedmen’s Bureau. The purpose of the generals’ tour was to reveal that the Freedmen’s Bureau was unsuccessful. Nevertheless, many southern African-Americans supported the Freedmen’s Bureau because of the aid and protection provided.   Congress passed the Freedmen’s Bureau Act for the second time in July of 1866. Although Johnson vetoed the act again, Congress overrode his action. As a result, the Freedmen’s Bureau Act became law.   What Other Obstacles Did the Freedmen's Bureau Face? Despite the resources that the Freedmen’s Bureau was able to provide to newly freed African-Americans and displaced whites, the agency faced many problems. The Freedmen’s Bureau never received enough funding to provide for people in need. In addition, the Freedmen’s Bureau only had an estimated 900 agents throughout southern states. And in addition to the opposition that Johnson presented in the existence of the Freedmen’s Bureau, white southerners appealed to their political representatives at the local and state levels to end the work of the Freedmen’s Bureau. At the same time, many white northerners opposed the idea of providing relief solely to African-Americans following the Civil War.   What Led to the Demise of the Freedmen's Bureau? In July of 1868, Congress passed a law that closed the Freedmen’s Bureau. By 1869, General Howard had ended most of the programs associated with the Freedmen’s Bureau. The only program that remained in operation was its educational services.  The Freedmen’s Bureau closed completely in 1872. Following the closing of the Freedmen’s Bureau, editorialist George William Curtis wrote, No institution was ever more imperatively necessary, and none has been more useful.  Additionally, Curtis agreed with the argument that the Freedmen’s Bureau had averted a â€Å"war of races,† which allowed the South to rebuild itself following the Civil War.

MKT301 MOD 3 CA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

MKT301 MOD 3 CA - Essay Example Based on the fact that, promotion is an essential in the development of a marketing plan, this consists of a marketing mix. Market mix is a phenomenon developed by Jerome where he outlined the four classifications which are positively correlated. In this mix, the success of any products depends on the four classifications that are; promotion, product, place and price. Every element in this mix is equally important as the other; thus there is a need to implement a promotion strategy so to increase the sales of the product (Ferrell and Hartline 52). In this scenario, we select pepper spray and a holiday in beach resort as the product and black women aged between 18 and 30 years and gay women as the target market. In this paper, we will discuss the appropriate strategy the concerned firms can implement so as to increase sales at the outlined target market. In addition, this paper will compare and contrast the promotional discussed outlining similarity and differences. About seventy percent of black women reside in areas which are considered to have high levels of insecurity; therefore, they usually demand personal security products thus offering pepper spray will be of great benefits. In the case of pepper spray, the most appropriate promotion mix would be to showcase the exclusiveness of pepper spray as the personal security product. Therefore in this case messaging or rather a slogan will be effective in reinforcing the benefit that pepper spray offers to the customers. The slogan should be designed such that it also helps the company in the process of developing an effective positioning strategy. Another possible strategy is through personal selling; in this case, the promotion is conducted where the product is sold one to one. Through personal selling, the seller or the manufacture has a chance to offer additional information to the customer or even to potential consumers of the product, thus

Future of Japanese Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Future of Japanese Economy - Essay Example Though, very soon they recovered it with 10% average of economic growth in 1960s, 5% during 1970s and closer to 4% in 1980s, but after that, growth slowed down remarkably3. Strong working mentality, good government-industry relationship and implementation of advanced technology were the most favorable reasons responsible for making Japan stand on to the platform of one of the largest economy in the world from post WWII till 80s. Resultant of overinvestment in late 80s and crisis in world oil supply brought another challenge to their economy4. It became necessary for Japan to switch from mobilized productionism to more substantial welfare economy. However, the oscillation between successful drive of the export in late 80s and bang in economy after 80s hazed that requirement and mobilized economic system disappeared very soon5. After the fading away of stock inflation and land prices, an excess of production capacity remained. This factor lowered the profitability of the production and on the other hand, bad loan weakened the financial activity. Government's effort in recovering that downfall was not up to that level and it's clear from the statistics of economy for the duration of 2000-20016. Hence, it is inferred that Japan is in a state of distorted industrial policy and in urgent need of a revolution. The main aim of this paper is to address the main obstacles that Japan is facing and then to state the possible solutions to overcome them. Obstacles in Japanese Economy Japan is facing resistances now-a-days that it had never encountered before. Growth rate which used to be in two digit figure just after war, now expectation growth is below 1% which is too unsure. Country that had incredible unemployment rate till 1980s has now rose to 4.8%. Present crisis of its economy consists of short or middle-term problems like; financial difficulty, trade cycle and public finance. Other than that long term problems are there which are related to going into matured stage of progress. One of the important aspects of Japanese economy is its iron triangle which dominated the people by managing their particular interests. However, due to the changing of technologies and human preferences that system is losing its supremacy. After 1990s when the economy condition is at matured stage, safety and stability becomes the main points of concern; but 'iron triangle'7 sometimes might block the transformation in the required direction. The creation of societal life is supposed to be the center of long term task of Japanese economic society. The population of Japan is expected to reach its peak in 2007 and then turn to decrease which may lead to the composition of population over sixty-five to surpass 20% in the target year of the total population and after that reach the high plateau over 27%-30% after 20 years. This effects the shifting in arrangement of consumption in industries. But, the question here comes whether pure market economy will be able to adapt this shift in consumption as market is driven by profit seeking

Finding Forrester Essay Example for Free

Finding Forrester Essay As we all go through life, things may happen during our lives, big or small, that can affect yourself or others in different ways. In Finding Forrester an average sixteen year old boy is going through his life with some obstacles, and he carries them through very well. He is a very intelligent and gifted student that was helped along the way and as well as helping another person on their way too. Jamal Wallace, coming from the playground on the streets, gets accepted to attend Mailor- Callow, not only for his skills on the basketball court, but also for being a gifted student. Jamal loves to write and read books, but never has any serious help in that area. While just going along with his life as the average student, he is very talented on the basketball court-Until he meets an older man by the name of William Forrester. William is a very talented writer who is famous, but hiding from the world. William Forrester is a man hidden from the world just as Jamal’s intellectually gifted ability was. William’s a well-known professional writer, but does not get out or publish books anymore. He stays hidden and away from the world as much as possible; and doesn’t want anybody to know where he lives or that he is still around, as he likes to stay recluse. But Jamal comes along, it all changes slowly but surely. William and Jamal come together by writing when William helps him out at random with a paper and notes of William. So William did help with Jamal’s work and writing under certain circumstances. Jamal is not to let anybody know where Forrester lives or to ask questions about his personal life. They learn a lot from one another from writing and proof reading, yet being two opposite people. Jamal and William grow closer together through time and Jamal talks William into going out with him to a basketball game since he has not been out in so long, but William has an anxiety attack from this. So they leave and Jamal takes him to the Yankee Stadium as a great surprise. After that, William opens up to him, telling him about his life and why he is the way he is today, and all he is gone through that has affected him today. After that, William gives him essays of his own to help Jamal write his own as long as he didn’t use, or take out anything that was Williams work. Jamal ended up breaking the promise that tested their friendship that they have grown to have. A teacher of Jamal’s that he has not got along with through his school year for the teachers arrogance. Mr. Craward studies Jamal’s work hard and found the mistake he had made of taking Williams work and busts Jamal for copying work that could result in Jamal losing his scholarship and everything else he earned. If William did not help him through the situation and say that Jamal had his consent of using his work. William didn’t want anything to do with him or help because of the mistake Jamal made on his own for breaking their promise which was hard for Jamal to do in the first place. Jamal wrote a letter to William that he received the day the time for the charges were going to be against him for stealing work. William ended up taking his side and helping him out in front of everybody which was a task on its own for him. Everybody now knew Jamal and William knew one another and William was now in the open. William thanked Jamal for his friendship because he couldn’t have done this without him. Now he can go live his life like he should have been all because of Jamal. He rekindles his life, and a year later William passes way leaving all his stuff to Jamal for everything he has done for him to go out and live the rest of William’s life. No matter your age or how old you are or where you come up from, you can make changes on peoples life in the best of way just by making that certain friendship.

Life of Pi :: essays research papers

Life of Pi Pi Patel is on a ship to a whole new world. He’s leaving his whole world behind except the zoo, it‘s on board with him. When awoken by a sound, Pi goes to explore. He finds that the ship is sinking and before he can wake his family he is thrown into a lifeboat. A zebra falls into the lifeboat, breaking its leg. Without truly realizing what he is doing, Pi helps Richard Parker onto the lifeboat. Then he realizes, he is on a lifeboat with a 450 pound Bengal tiger. Pi builds a raft out of oars and life jackets so that he can stay a safe distance from the lifeboat. The lifeboat doesn’t seem to have the tiger on it at all. Just a zebra and a hyena and orangutan. The hyena attacks both zebra and orangutan and then the tiger appears. He is sleek and quiet about his approach. None the less, Pi Patel is now alone on a lifeboat with Richard Parker. He wonders how he will survive with a tiger. Pi decides that it would be best to keep the tiger alive, to act as the alpha. He trains Richard Parker to understand which space belongs to who. Pi uses a solar power water filter for fresh water and fishes for food. He feeds himself and the tiger. This keeps them at more of a alpha relationship because Richard Parker knows where his food and water come from. When there is no fish to caught and no more supplies, the only option is to starve for that day. Finally, Pi and Richard Parker land on an island. It is a very mysterious place. The trees seem to grow straight out of the algae and the meerkats do no seem to be afraid of anything. There are fresh water ponds and for some reason Richard Parker always returns to the lifeboat at night to sleep. Pi finds out the algae is acidic and that’s why Richard Parker sleeps in the boat at night.

The Acl Injury Pathology Health And Social Care Essay

Before we begin to measure Mr. Lachmans hurt, we foremost need to hold an apprehension of the ligament that we suspect has been affected ; the anterior cruciate liagament ( ACL ) . The ACL is one of four major ligaments found in the articulatio genus, the others being the Posterior Cruciate Ligament ( PCL ) , Medial Collateral Ligament ( MCL ) and Lateral Collateral Ligament ( LCL ) , and it ‘s function is to forestall anterior tibial supplanting ; or send on motion of the shinbone from underneath the thighbone. ( Gray ‘s Anatomy )DefinitionAn anterior cruciate ligament hurt ( ACL ) is the overstretching or lacrimation of the anterior cruciate ligament located in the articulatio genus articulation. It is the most often lacerate ligament of the articulatio genus harmonizing to a reappraisal of the literature by ( Beynnon et al 2005 )EtiologyAn ACL hurt normally takes topographic point in athleticss that require crisp motions and sudden fillet gestures. Mr Lachman plays hoc key and this is decidedly a athletics that would fall into that class. The existent hurt, normally occurs when you all of a sudden decelerate down or change your way whilst your pes is planted steadfastly on the land, which can take to writhing of the articulatio genus. Other incidents Landing awkwardly from a leap can besides wound your ACL, as can falls during declivitous skiing. A football tackle or motor vehicle accident besides can do an ACL hurt. However, most ACL hurts occur without such contactSigns and symptomsImmediately post hurt, the country around the articulatio genus may exhibit swelling. The topic will besides most likely experience instability of the articulatio genus and will happen weight bearing unbearable due to trouble. Many people have described an hearable popping noise in their articulatio genus at the minute of hurt.DiagnosisA thorough subjective and nonsubjective scrutiny from a physical therapist is normally sufficient to name an ACL tear. Probes such as an X ray, MRI scan or CT scan may be required to corroborate diagnosing and find the extent of harm or engagement of other constructions within the articulatio genusTreatmentDepending on the badness of your ACL hurt, intervention may include surgery to replace the lacerate ligament follo wed by rehabilitation exercisings to assist you recover strength and stableness.ComplicationsPeoples who experience an ACL hurt are at higher hazard of developing articulatio genus degenerative arthritis, in which joint gristle deteriorates and its smooth surface roughens. Arthritis may happen even if you have surgery to retrace the ligament.PrognosisWith appropriate direction, most patients with a minor to chair ACL tear ( grades 1 and 2 ) can return to feature or normal activity within 2 – 8 hebdomads. Patients with a complete rupture of the ACL will often necessitate surgical Reconstruction followed by a drawn-out rehabilitation period of 6 – 12 months or longer to derive optimal map. Patients who besides have harm to other constructions of the articulatio genus such as the semilunar cartilage or collateral ligaments are likely to hold an drawn-out rehabilitation period. Beynnon B D Johnson R J Abate J A Fleming B C Nichols C E ( 2005 ) ‘Treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries, Part I. ‘ The ACL is the most often, wholly disrupted ligament in the knee,196 and although this hurt is comparatively uncommon in the general population,64 it occurs often in sports, peculiarly among female jocks. 19,20,120 Although the incidence rate of ACL cryings for female jocks scopes between 2.4 and 9.7 times greater than that of male jocks viing in similar activities ( Table 1 ) , Â § overall, there are more ACL Reconstructions performed on males in the United States because more males take part in at-risk athleticss, for illustration, American football.227 The lone survey on the prevalence of ACL hurts in the general population has estimated the one-year incidence rate as 1 hurt for every 3500 people, ensuing in about 95 000 new ACL breaks per twelvemonth in the United States.64,191 This estimation is low because more than 100 000 ACL Reconstructions are performed per twelvemonth in the United States.227 The ACL is one of the most of import ligaments of the articulatio genus, giving it stableness. The ACL achieves this function by forestalling inordinate distortion, straightening of the articulatio genus ( hyperextension ) and forward motion of the shinbone on the thighbone. When these motions are inordinate and beyond what the ACL can defy, rupturing to the ACL occurs. This status is known as an ACL tear and may run from a little partial tear ensuing in minimum hurting, to a complete rupture of the ACL ensuing in important hurting and disablement, and, potentially necessitating surgery. An ACL tear can be graded as follows: Grade 1 tear: a little figure of fibers are lacerate ensuing in some hurting but leting full map Grade 2 tear: a important figure of fibers are torn with moderate loss of map. Grade 3 tear: all fibers are ruptured ensuing in articulatio genus instability and major loss of map. Often other constructions are besides injured such as the semilunar cartilage or indirect ligaments. Surgery is frequently required.

Regulating Food Advertising and Freedom of Speech

Essay 2, Summary and Response Regulating Food Advertising and Freedom of Speech Perspectives on Advertising and Children Summary— As the author of article â€Å"Regulating Food Advertising to Children,† Margo G. Wootan proposes, â€Å"Responsible food marketing to children must address not only how food is marketed but also which foods are marketed to kids (334). † She believes that even in the absence of government control there should be some guideline for food marketing to act responsibly and not encourage children to eat foods that are harmful to their health and well-being.Because of the increasing rate of childhood obesity in the United States, the author suggests a compromise approach between marketing techniques and nutritional criteria to be met for children up to the age of eighteen (333). Food marketing is extremely influential in children’s food choices since it attracts their attention with the appeal of contests, prizes, cartoon characters, a nd their celebrity icons.Although parents are a huge accountability for the food their children eat, Wootan believes it’s rather difficult for parents to compete with what marketing advertises as healthy as opposed to what parents consider is healthy for their children (333). The author suggests marketing being consistent with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans with the reduction of calories, sodium, refined sugars, and saturated and trans fats in order to support not overeating with reasonable portion sizes directly and indirectly.Also, to stop and prevent unhealthy eating habits, food marketing should redesign products to improve their nutritional quality, including adding more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains presented in homes as well as school environments (335). As Wootan states, â€Å"The marketing of products that may not be nutritionally ideal but provide some positive nutritional benefit and that could help children meet the Dietary Guidelines for Americansâ €  is the ultimate compromise that benefits both food marketing and the health of today’s children (334).In â€Å"Advertising and Freedom of Speech: Beware of the Food Nanny,† author Robert Liodice justifies the importance of free speech by saying, â€Å"Trampling on the First Amendment, whether through government controls or unsupported self-regulatory edicts, should not even be on anyone’s radar screen as a way to solve problems. † Liodice believes CSPI overlooks a wide variety of factors beyond marketing that influence childhood food consumption (336). He thinks the guidelines on nutrition and marketing are so restrictive that it’s supported by flawed data and omit the significant, positive improvements food and marketing industries are taking.For example, the marketing industry established the Children’s Advertising Review Unit (CARU), which screens material that may be misleading and receives comments and concerns from the public for the past thirty years (336). The author states CSPI mentioned a claim that marketing targeted at kids has doubled in the last ten years, but neglects to explain food ads seen by children under the age of twelve declined by 13% in the last four years.Liodice insinuates CSPI’s narrow focus solely on food marketing misguides the public when other factors come into play because â€Å"there is no simple or quick answer to this multifaceted challenge,† as the Surgeon General concluded (337). Response— Based on both arguments on food marketing aimed towards children and freedom of speech, I understand where each author is coming from and I agree with both to some extent. Wootan’s article makes a valid point that there are many factors that affect food choices, but food choices are mainly influential by persuasive and attractive food marketing.Companies have extensive expertise and efficient skills to lure children into wanting a line of products that may not be as nutritional but is portrayed as desirable. I also agree that some of Wootan’s claims are invalid due to the lack of details and evidence compared to Liodice’s more specified examples and statistics on food marketing and their effectiveness. Because food marketing is Wootan’s only topic of debate, she disregards the other many factors that affect food choices by not elaborating upon them.For example, American consumers have full knowledge of the importance of personal and parental responsibility, public education, dietary balance and moderation, and of course, physical activity; yet Wootan only focuses on the negatives of food marketing when all these factors are just as imperative in addressing the issues of childhood nutrition and obesity. In my opinion, Robert Liodice is correct in advocating free speech to be the basis of choice and personal responsibility.Everyone has a right their own opinion, however, I don’t see the problem with the help of gov ernment control for some guidance with the public in order to educate them of a healthier lifestyle. With a set of guidelines, it will help set a standard for people to follow. Marketing and advertising cannot persuade everyone to eat healthier because they can only do so much to expose people of the advantages and benefits of a nutritional diet—that is if people even pay attention to food advertisement.Healthy eating habits will all boil down to the individual deciding whether or not to put nutritional food in their mouth. Works Cited Wootan, Margo G. â€Å"Regulating Food Advertising to Children. † Think: Critical Thinking andLogic Skills for Everyday Life. 2nd ed. Ed. Judith A. Boss. New York: McGraw-Hill,2012. 333-335. Print. Liodice, Robert. â€Å"Advertising and Freedom of Speech: Beware of the Food Nanny. † Think:Critical Thinking and Logic Skills for Everyday Life. 2nd ed. Ed. Judith A. Boss. NewYork: McGraw-Hill, 2012. 335-337. Print.

Marketing Research and How Marketing Information system is Organized in Middlesex Insurance Company

Marketing Research and How Marketing Information system is Organized in Middlesex Insurance Company Middlesex Insurance Company conducts market research on demand to help the management make informed decisions on available products, new products and market trends and segmentation. Market research also helps in identifying specific product attributes that match the capabilities of the target market.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Marketing Research and How Marketing Information system is Organized in Middlesex Insurance Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Market research on available products also assists the firm address matters relating to accessibility, prices and effectiveness. Market research is an indicator of activities that complement insurance as well as revealing people’s perception, understanding and trust of insurance. This is important to Kate Farm because of the uptake and designing and conducting customer awareness and marketing strategies. Middlesex Insurance Company’s re search plan guides the collection and analysis of data in the following ways; the research team outlines the research objectives, the audience, and how the results will be used. The team defines the key questions and points out the primary and secondary sources the information to be used. The research team then makes a decision on the method they intend to use in data collection, then determine and document the procedure for participants’ selection. Data analyzing plan is developed and a timeline set for the process. The team members assign themselves roles and responsibilities for conducting the research. They organize logistics, schedule collection of data, design data collection tools such as interview guides and analysis matrices. The team collects data, some of the main data collection techniques are Mail questionnaire telephone interview, personal interview and online interview (Kotler Keller, 2009). After collecting data, they analyze it, draft a report and finally dr aw a final report to the management. According to Talvinen (1994), marketing information system inform the management on the current market trend. Middlesex Insurance Company has developed an effective long-term marketing strategy which is very helpful and important for every organization that wants to get and attract the necessary audience according to Shaw and Stone (). This strategy is aimed at adding more clients on their book within twelve months. The organization uses a guide on’ how to save on insurance’ as a lead generator. This guide is sent via sales letters, newsletters, handouts, emails, endorsement and direct mail marketing. Prospective clients continuously receive mails until they respond positively.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Middlesex Insurance Company offers good content in the mailed offer so as not to bore the recipien ts, those who do not respond within two weeks, are put in another marketing funnel. A newsletter is sent to them, then a follow up with another guide, they are kept in the newsletter system. Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning, and Dealing with Competition Middlesex Insurance Company provides property and casualty policy cover, therefore, it targets two customer segments, home and automobile buyers. Kotler and Keller (2009) classify this consumer segment as demographic consumer market. Demographic consumer market adopts demographics to understand consumers. In this segmentation, consumers are categorized according to their age, race, gender, income, education, family size, family life cycle,occupation. According to American Housing Survey(2006), first time home buyers averaged thirty-three years with a household income of approximately sixty-four thousand dollars a year. Middlesex Insurance Company’s customers are generally aged between 30 and 50 years, with a majority below 40 years. Move up homebuyers earned substantially higher than first time buyers, most doubled the average earned by first time buyers. Most customers who were first timers bought homes covering 1500 square feet. These houses were also single family homes as many of them were married with children. Eleven percent of the customers bought town homes and another eleven percent insuring condominiums. The move uppers bought slightly larger homes with a large percentage moving into detached homes, eight percent moving to town homes and another eight percent insuring condominiums. On the other hand, Aizcorbe, Bridgeman and Nalewaik (2009), one’s willingness to pay for a vehicle depended on their household income.They listed other factors to be considered as educational attainment and age. Middlesex Insurance Company’s customers in 2010 who insured 2011 model-year cars had $ 8000 more income than households who bought 2010 model-year cars.Advertising We will write a cu stom research paper sample on Marketing Research and How Marketing Information system is Organized in Middlesex Insurance Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Those who bought newer model-year in 2010 had $ 5000 more income and in 2011, newer model year owners earned about $ 6000 more income. In all cases, owners of newer model year cars earned significantly higher income compared to owners of the older year models. Product and Service Middlesex Insurance Company demonstrates an effective and efficient service delivery to the client base by offering best offers at affordable rate (Sawhney, Balasubramanian, Krishnan, 2004).The company has evaluated sales and profits related with each offer (Kotler Keller, 2009). It provides homeowner’s insurance that combines certain personal insurance such as loss that occur to the house, the house’s content, loss of the house use, loss of homeowner possessions and also insurance against accidents that occur at the home or at the homeowners hands within the territory of the policy. Types of policies Middlesex Insurance Company offers three types of homeowners’ insurance policies. Basic form homeowner policy Middlesex Insurance Company offers this insurance policy against eleven listed perils. This include â€Å"fire, storms or hailstones, vandalism or malicious mischief, theft, destruction from automobile and aircraft, explosion riot or civil strife, glass breakage, smoke, volcanic activity, and personal liability. Exceptions include floods, earthquakes.† Broad form homeowner policy This is a more advanced policy that gives coverage against seventeen perils that include the eleven listed above. The policy covers named perils and indicates the event that would be covered. Special form homeowner policy This is the most comprehensive policy cover offered by Middlesex Insurance Company. The policy covers all risks associated with homeownership. It is mostl y used for single-family homes.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Middlesex Insurance Company also offers three main types of auto insurance. Comprehensive coverage This insurance policy cover damages the customer’s car that are not caused by other motorists. These include damage to the whole car, or parts from such events as fire, theft, storms, tornado, floods and hail. It also covers the car in event of hitting an animal. This policy is optional and purchased for vehicles that are worth more than $ 1000. This policy coverage does not raise the premium and the policy owner has the option to choose from deductible amount. Collision coverage This policy covers the vehicle against physical damage because of collision. In this case, if the policy owner crashes, the insurance will pay to fix the vehicle. This policy cover is optional and the monthly deductibles range between $ 200 and $1000. This policy is ideal for vehicles worth more than $ 4000 and policy owners who have no accident history. Pricing Middlesex Insurance Company sets insuranc e rates 10% below market rates to attract customers (Baye, Gatti, Rupert, Kattuman, Morgan, 2007). In addition to this, other factors are significant in calculating prices. In case of homeowner insurance, the following are considered: the company selected this price setting method in line with research done and available data on risks connected to homeownership (Kotler Keller, 2009). Location Where the customer lives is a factor to be considered. Middlesex Insurance Company gather claims experience based on location and use this to adjust the premiums. For instance if a customer lives in high theft area then they will pay more. Coverage The more the cover purchased the higher the premium will be. For example, a $50,000 insurance policy is less expensive than $85,000 policy. In addition, a town house insurance policy will be less expensive than a condominium. Other considerations will be a customer’s customization of their insurance policy with optional coverage’s, li ke a bicycle, these will increase the premium. Proximity to fire station The closer a customer lives to the fire station the lesser the premium on the policy. The company assumes that the property stands a greater chance of being saved from fire. Amount of deductibles The more the customer pays on the deductibles the lower the premium will be. For example if the standard policy deductible is $500 and the customer chooses to pay $ 1000, this definitely reduces the premium. Security features Having a safe home environment is advantageous especially in calculating premiums. Installation of alarm systems, smoke detectors, carbon detectors and other security features will reduce insurance premiums. The following factors determine the pricing of auto insurance: Age Policy owners who are younger than 25 year of age pay more rates. In the insurance industry, research indicates that younger drivers get into more accidents as compared to older ones. Drivers Record The policyholder’s dr iving record is critical in determining the amount to be paid. The more traffic violations the higher the premiums. They however drop every year that violation is not reported. Place of residence If the customer lives in a city where crime is reportedly high, the rates will be high. This is because the likelihood of a crime affecting the customer’s car indicates the likelihood of that customer making acclaim. Make and model of the vehicle The type of car the customer insures will determine the amount of premium. A customer driving a sports car will pay more because it is more likely to get broken into. Marketing Channels Middlesex Insurance Company uses agents as the main marketing channel. The company sells 80% of policies through this channel. According to Kotler and Keller (2009), these are independent organizations involved in the process of making the products available to the customers. The agents owe the company a number of duties these include: the agents perform the tasks specified by the agency and not to perform unauthorized tasks. The agents discharge duties with caution and due diligence, the agent does not engage in conduct that benefits them to the detriment of the company. The agents should not accept inconsistent obligations with the work owed to the company. The agents can represent the conflicting interests of other companies only after full disclosure and with consent of Middlesex Insurance Company. The agents should not take advantage of their position in transactions for their own interests rather than for the interests of the company. An agent should not usurp the company’s opportunities by passing them on to a third party. The company makes full disclosure of all information relevant to transactions that the agents are allowed to perform. The company also pays the agent as stipulated in the agreements. The laws of the United States of America regulate the relationship between the agents and Middlesex Insurance Company (Ran dall, 1999). Marketing Communications Middlesex Insurance Company deploys marketing strategies to attract prospective customers. The company pursues to have a target audience by developing creative messages that they will receive without resistance (Kotler Keller, 2009). The company has contracted a firm to undertake direct mail pieces in the target audience area. The target audience receives regular sales materials as well as newsletters. This is done every two weeks. The company also creates personalized advertisements that are emailed to customers. The internet is one of the latest techniques the company has employed in marketing. The company is investing in a zip code exclusive online advertizing to get unique exposure. The company’s website developer has initiated the construction work. Through the internet host, they intend to link the agents’ sites to the Company’s Website. Here agents act as Intermediaries who facilitate advertisers as well as consumers linking with each other (Rochet Tirole, 2003). This way it stands to reach target audience as more people are using the internet and searching for insurance. â€Å"Web-based sellers use online advertising to drive consumers directly to their sites where they can browse for goods and services and purchase them with a few clicks. Online advertising accounted for 8.8 percent of all advertising in the United States in 2008† (Hallerman, 2008). According to Evans (2009), internet based sellers use advertizing to attract consumers directly to their websites where they check for products and buy them with a click of the mouse. Middlesex Insurance Company is continuously looking to find new agents to work with. It advertises in the local newspaper in order to attract prospective agents. References Aizcorbe, A., Bridgeman, B., Nalewaik, J. (2009). Heterogeneous Car Buyers: A Stylized Fact. Finance and Economic Discussion Series Division of Research and Statistics and Monetary Affair s, 12. American Housing Survey. (2006). American housing survey: Current housing reports. Washington DC: U.S Department of Housing and Urban Development. Baye, M., Gatti, J., Rupert, J., Kattuman, P., Morgan, J. (2007). A dashboard for online pricing. California Management Review, 202-216. Evans, D. (2009). The online advertizing industry: Economics, evolution and privacy. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 23(3), 37–60. Hallerman, D. (2008). US online advertising: Resilient in a rough economy: Summary. eMarkete. Kotler, P., Keller, K. (2009). Framework for Marketing Management. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall. Randall, S. (1999). Insurance Regulation in The United States: Regulatory Federalism and the National Association of Insurance Commission. Web. Rochet, J.-C., Tirole, J. (2003). Platform competition in Two Sided Markets. Journal of the European Economic Association , 990-1029. Sawhney, M., Balasubramanian, S., Krishnan, V. (2004). Creating growth with services. MI T Sloan Management Review, 34-43. Shaw, R., Stone, M. (1988). Database Marketing. Aldershot: Gower House. Talvinen, J. M. (1994). Information System in Marketing: Identifying Opportunity for New Application. European Journal of Marketing, 29(1), 8-26.

The Difference Between Un- and Dis-

The Difference Between Un- and Dis- The Difference Between Un- and Dis- The Difference Between Un- and Dis- By Maeve Maddox A reader asks about differences between the prefixes un- and dis-. The question is not easy to address. The prefix un- has been in the language longer than dis-. The Old English prefix on- (now spelled un-) was added to verbs to indicated a reversal of the action: wind/unwind bind/unbind fold/unfold do/undo This prefix has remained alive, giving us such verb opposites as: fasten/unfasten buckle/unbuckle cover/uncover wrap/unwrap Old English also had the prefix of negation un- that was added to adjectives, such as unborn and unburied. We continue to form negative adjectives in this way: unhappy unknown unwanted unavailable unconventional uncool unputdownable Dis- came into English during the Middle English period, along with many Latin and French words. The prefix dis- is related to bis, (two), and can be used in the sense of separation: disjoin disable In the course of centuries, distinctions between un- and dis- have blurred. Sometimes the prefixes are interchangeable. Sometimes not. Sometimes a perceived difference may exist only in the mind of the individual English speaker. Many speakers distinguish between disorganized and unorganized. Disorganized applies to the sort of person who stuffs receipts into the sock drawer and can never find the car keys. Unorganized applies to things which have not yet been arranged in an organized manner. By this reasoning, a person would be disorganized, but an office would be unorganized. At one time, unease and disease (first syllable stressed) could be used interchangeably with the meaning state of anxiety. Now disease (second syllable stressed) has taken on the meaning of illness. Angry arguments are waged over the differentiated meanings of uninterest and disinterest. The argument is that uninterested should be used with the sense of indifferent, lacking in interest, while disinterested should be used only when the intended meaning is impartial. Some argue against the distinction on historical grounds, but the perceived difference in modern usage is a useful one. When it comes to language, those who value logic above all else are just asking for elevated blood pressure. For example, the noun discontent is matched with the adjective discontented, but the adjective that corresponds to the noun discomfort is uncomfortable. About all one can safely say about the use of the prefixes un- and dis- is that their correct use is often a matter of idiom. The best way to master them is to read, listen, and look up questionable forms in a trustworthy dictionary. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to use "on" and when to use "in"List of 50 Great Word Games for Kids and Adults10 Varieties of Syntax to Improve Your Writing

Global strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Global strategic Management - Essay Example Due to innovative strategic management and product development, the company has experienced a rapid growth in domestic as well as international market. The company has identified a better and potential opportunities in international markets and hence, it has entered into major markets of Asia, Europe, Middle East etc. In the process of international expansion involves a number of issues relating to multiple macro-economic, specifically due to cultural diversity. Besides, the industry forces of is also prominent for determining the attractiveness of the industry. Industry for packaged gas and chemical manufacturing has a great economic importance as it offers very vital raw materials to other industries. The global gas and chemical manufacturing industry is becoming very competitive with increasing opportunities. However, the overall industry competition is quite attractive as higher availability of consumers comparing to international organisation. To cater the international market A ir product must use its strengths to counter the underlying opportunities. In this process, the foremost task is to identify the multiple factors influencing international business and the major factors are external forces (political, culture, market trend, geographic features etc) and consumer behaviours. Air product must assess these factors for framing proper strategies. However, the core organisational strategy should support international strategy and Air product must develop distinct strategy for each country. To identify the strategic direction for international market, it can use the nine strategic windows. Marketing mix should also be considers the feature of prevailing international market. The glocalisation strategy should be core essence of global strategic management and hence, it should acts as local company in international market with the international standards. To meet short term and specific aims, the functional strategies should focus on understanding the culture of the market and consumers. Moreover, it also needs to comply with legal frameworks to avoid the country related risks. 2. Introduction There have been significant changes in the nature of trade and business activities. The Industrial Revolution of 18th century can be considered as the first occurrence that changed the thought process of the entire world regarding industrialization. People and world economies have realized that industrialization is one of the most crucial tools for bringing economic and social developments within a country. In order to encourage industrialisation, economic policy makers have to take necessary initiatives so that people can use their entrepreneurial and productive skills. Besides, industrialization also requires multiple resources like labour, capital, materials etc and many countries are not self sufficient in this respect. Therefore, the world economies are inter-dependent on each other for their own benefits i.e. domestic market